Câu hỏi và đáp án bài nghe Test 1 section 4 - IELTS Cambridge 13 - Seed germination
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Questions 31-40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
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Effects of urban environments on animals
Introduction
Recent urban developments represent massive environmental changes. It was previously thought that only a few animals were suitable for city life, e.g.
- the 31.............................. - because of its general adaptability
- the pigeon - because walls of city buildings are similar to 32...............................
In fact, many urban animals are adapting with unusual 33................................
Recent research
- Emilie Snell-Rood studied small urbanised mammal specimens from museums in Minnesota.
- She found the size of their 34............................... had increased.
- She suggests this may be due to the need to locate new sources of 35 ............................... and to deal with new dangers.
- Catarina Miranda focused on the 36 ............................... of urban and rural blackbirds.
- She found urban birds were often braver, but were afraid of situations that were 37 ................................
- Jonathan Atwell studies how animals respond to urban environments.
- He found that some animals respond to 38............................... by producing lower levels of hormones.
- Sarah Partan's team found urban squirrels use their 39............................... to help them communicate.
Long-term possibilities
Species of animals may develop which are unique to cities. However, some changes may not be 40................................
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Section 4, Questions 31-40
- crow
- cliffs
- speed
- brain(s)
- food
- behaviour(s) / behavior(s)
- new
- stress
- tail(s)
- permanent